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Nuclear Burning Rates vs Temperature

What you are seeing: the energy generation rate ε\varepsilon for the three dominant burning channels as a function of central temperature. The CNO cycle crosses over the pp chain near T2×107T \sim 2 \times 10^7 K.

Figure 1. ε(T)\varepsilon(T) for pp, CNO, 3-α.
log10 T (K)7.20
ρ (g/cm³)100

WHAT TO TRY

  • Raise the central temperature past about 2e7 K: the CNO cycle (steep T^~17) overtakes the pp chain (T^~4). The dominant-channel readout flips and the curves cross.
  • Increase the density rho: the rates rise, since burning depends on the product of reactant densities, but the crossover temperature barely moves. Temperature sets which cycle wins.
  • Read the steepness: the CNO curve is far steeper than pp, which is why hot-core massive stars run on CNO and are sharply temperature-sensitive.