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WKB Bohr-Sommerfeld vs exact eigenvalues

What you are seeing: bound-state energies for a particle in a power-law well V(x)=xp/pV(x) = |x|^p / p, compared two ways. The blue ladder is the Bohr-Sommerfeld (WKB) approximation

The orange ladder is the "exact" answer: for the harmonic oscillator (p=2p = 2) we use the closed form En=n+12E_n = n + \tfrac12; for the quartic anharmonic oscillator (p=4p = 4) we use the published numerical eigenvalues from Bender and Wu (1969).

The Bohr-Sommerfeld rule is exact for the harmonic oscillator (a small miracle of the harmonic potential). For the quartic well it's an approximation that is excellent for nn large and noticeably wrong for n=0n = 0. Slide pp between 2 and 6 to watch the BS curve drift away from the analytic harmonic ladder.

Figure 1. Bohr-Sommerfeld (WKB) energy levels vs exact eigenvalues for V(x)=xp/pV(x) = |x|^p / p.
p2.00
n_max6

WHAT TO TRY

  • Vary each control and watch the rail readouts respond.
  • Compare the diagnostic plot against the live scene.